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549# /// script
# requires-python = "~=3.9"
# dependencies = [
# "wheel~=0.41.0",
# ]
# ///
"""
Build Git wheels for PyPI distribution.
This script packages Git binaries as Python wheels:
- Windows: Downloads official MinGit from Git for Windows releases
- macOS/Linux: Uses pre-built binaries from local build scripts
Wheel versions use format: <git-version>.<build-date>
e.g., 2.47.1.20260118 for Git 2.47.1 built on 2026-01-18
Usage:
uv run make_wheels.py --version 2.47.1 --platform win_amd64
uv run make_wheels.py --version 2.47.1 --platform all
uv run make_wheels.py --version 2.47.1 --platform linux_x86_64 --binary-dir ./build-output
"""
import argparse
import hashlib
import io
import json
import logging
import os
import re
import stat
import tarfile
import urllib.error
import urllib.request
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from email.message import EmailMessage
from pathlib import Path
from zipfile import ZIP_DEFLATED, ZipFile, ZipInfo
from wheel.wheelfile import WheelFile
# Git for Windows release info URL
GIT_FOR_WINDOWS_API_URL = "https://api.github.com/repos/git-for-windows/git/releases"
# Platform mapping: our platform names -> Python wheel platform tags
# macOS targets follow python-build-standalone conventions:
# - x86_64: 10.15 (Catalina) - broader Intel Mac compatibility
# - arm64: 11.0 (Big Sur) - minimum for Apple Silicon
PLATFORM_TAGS = {
"win_amd64": "win_amd64",
"win_arm64": "win_arm64",
"win32": "win32",
"macos_x86_64": "macosx_10_15_x86_64",
"macos_arm64": "macosx_11_0_arm64",
"linux_x86_64": "manylinux_2_17_x86_64.musllinux_1_1_x86_64",
"linux_aarch64": "manylinux_2_17_aarch64.musllinux_1_1_aarch64",
}
# Windows MinGit asset patterns (architecture -> asset name pattern)
MINGIT_PATTERNS = {
"win_amd64": r"MinGit-[\d.]+-64-bit\.zip$",
"win_arm64": r"MinGit-[\d.]+-arm64\.zip$",
"win32": r"MinGit-[\d.]+-32-bit\.zip$",
}
class ReproducibleWheelFile(WheelFile):
"""WheelFile that produces reproducible output."""
def writestr(self, zinfo_or_arcname, data, *args, **kwargs):
if isinstance(zinfo_or_arcname, ZipInfo):
zinfo = zinfo_or_arcname
else:
assert isinstance(zinfo_or_arcname, str)
zinfo = ZipInfo(zinfo_or_arcname)
zinfo.file_size = len(data)
zinfo.external_attr = 0o0644 << 16
if zinfo_or_arcname.endswith(".dist-info/RECORD"):
zinfo.external_attr = 0o0664 << 16
zinfo.compress_type = ZIP_DEFLATED
zinfo.date_time = (1980, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)
zinfo.create_system = 3
super().writestr(zinfo, data, *args, **kwargs)
def make_message(headers, payload=None):
"""Create an email message for wheel metadata."""
msg = EmailMessage()
for name, value in headers:
if isinstance(value, list):
for value_part in value:
msg[name] = value_part
else:
msg[name] = value
if payload:
msg.set_payload(payload)
return msg
def write_wheel_file(filename, contents):
"""Write a wheel file with given contents."""
with ReproducibleWheelFile(filename, "w") as wheel:
for member_info, member_source in contents.items():
wheel.writestr(member_info, bytes(member_source))
return filename
def write_wheel(out_dir, *, name, version, tag, metadata, description, contents):
"""Write a complete wheel with metadata."""
wheel_name = f"{name}-{version}-{tag}.whl"
dist_info = f"{name}-{version}.dist-info"
# Expand compressed tags for WHEEL file
pytag, abitag, platformtag = tag.split("-")
expanded_tags = [
"-".join((x, y, z))
for z in platformtag.split(".")
for y in abitag.split(".")
for x in pytag.split(".")
]
return write_wheel_file(
os.path.join(out_dir, wheel_name),
{
**contents,
f"{dist_info}/entry_points.txt": make_message(
[], "[console_scripts]\ngit = python_git_bin:main"
),
f"{dist_info}/METADATA": make_message(
[
("Metadata-Version", "2.4"),
("Name", name),
("Version", version),
*metadata,
],
description,
),
f"{dist_info}/WHEEL": make_message(
[
("Wheel-Version", "1.0"),
("Generator", "git-bin make_wheels.py"),
("Root-Is-Purelib", "false"),
("Tag", expanded_tags),
]
),
},
)
def fetch_git_for_windows_release(version):
"""Fetch release info from Git for Windows GitHub releases."""
# Try exact version tag first
tag = f"v{version}.windows.1"
url = f"{GIT_FOR_WINDOWS_API_URL}/tags/{tag}"
req = urllib.request.Request(url)
req.add_header("Accept", "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
req.add_header("User-Agent", "git-bin-wheel-builder")
try:
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
return json.loads(response.read())
except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
if e.code == 404:
raise ValueError(f"Git for Windows release not found for version {version}")
raise
def find_mingit_asset(release_info, platform):
"""Find the MinGit asset URL and checksum for a platform."""
pattern = MINGIT_PATTERNS.get(platform)
if not pattern:
raise ValueError(f"No MinGit pattern for platform: {platform}")
regex = re.compile(pattern)
for asset in release_info.get("assets", []):
if regex.search(asset["name"]):
# Find corresponding .sha256 file
sha256_name = asset["name"] + ".sha256"
sha256_url = None
for sha_asset in release_info.get("assets", []):
if sha_asset["name"] == sha256_name:
sha256_url = sha_asset["browser_download_url"]
break
return {
"url": asset["browser_download_url"],
"name": asset["name"],
"sha256_url": sha256_url,
}
raise ValueError(f"MinGit asset not found for platform: {platform}")
def download_with_checksum(url, sha256_url=None, expected_sha256=None):
"""Download a file and verify its checksum."""
print(f"Downloading {url}...")
req = urllib.request.Request(url)
req.add_header("User-Agent", "git-bin-wheel-builder")
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
data = response.read()
actual_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(data).hexdigest()
# Get expected checksum
if expected_sha256:
expected = expected_sha256
elif sha256_url:
req = urllib.request.Request(sha256_url)
req.add_header("User-Agent", "git-bin-wheel-builder")
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
# Format is usually "hash filename" or just "hash"
expected = response.read().decode().split()[0].lower()
else:
print(f" SHA256: {actual_sha256} (no verification)")
return data
if actual_sha256.lower() != expected.lower():
raise ValueError(f"SHA256 mismatch! Expected {expected}, got {actual_sha256}")
print(f" SHA256: {actual_sha256} (verified)")
return data
def iter_zip_contents(data):
"""Iterate over contents of a ZIP archive."""
with ZipFile(io.BytesIO(data)) as zip_file:
for entry in zip_file.infolist():
if not entry.is_dir():
yield entry.filename, entry.external_attr >> 16, zip_file.read(entry)
def iter_tar_contents(data):
"""Iterate over contents of a tar archive."""
# Detect compression
if data[:2] == b"\x1f\x8b":
mode = "r:gz"
elif data[:3] == b"BZh":
mode = "r:bz2"
elif data[:6] == b"\xfd7zXZ\x00":
mode = "r:xz"
else:
mode = "r"
with tarfile.open(fileobj=io.BytesIO(data), mode=mode) as tar:
for entry in tar:
if entry.isreg():
file_obj = tar.extractfile(entry)
assert file_obj is not None # Always true for regular files
yield entry.name, entry.mode | (1 << 15), file_obj.read()
def get_git_executable_name(platform):
"""Get the main git executable name for a platform."""
if platform.startswith("win"):
return "cmd/git.exe"
else:
return "bin/git"
def write_git_wheel(out_dir, *, version, platform, archive_data=None, binary_dir=None):
"""
Create a Git wheel for the specified platform.
Either archive_data (for Windows MinGit) or binary_dir (for local builds) must be provided.
"""
contents = {}
python_platform = PLATFORM_TAGS[platform]
# Create __init__.py
contents["python_git_bin/__init__.py"] = b'''"""Git binary distribution package."""
import os
import subprocess
import sys
from pathlib import Path
__all__ = ['GIT_DIR', 'GIT_EXE', 'GIT_EXEC_PATH', 'main', 'run']
# Directory containing git installation
GIT_DIR = Path(__file__).parent / 'git'
# Path to git executable and exec path for helpers
if sys.platform == 'win32':
GIT_EXE = GIT_DIR / 'cmd' / 'git.exe'
GIT_EXEC_PATH = GIT_DIR / 'mingw64' / 'libexec' / 'git-core'
else:
GIT_EXE = GIT_DIR / 'bin' / 'git'
GIT_EXEC_PATH = GIT_DIR / 'libexec' / 'git-core'
def _get_env():
"""Get environment with GIT_EXEC_PATH set."""
env = os.environ.copy()
env['GIT_EXEC_PATH'] = str(GIT_EXEC_PATH)
# Also set template dir for init/clone operations
template_dir = GIT_DIR / 'share' / 'git-core' / 'templates'
if template_dir.exists():
env['GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR'] = str(template_dir)
return env
def run(*args, **kwargs):
"""Run git with given arguments. Returns CompletedProcess."""
cmd = [str(GIT_EXE)] + list(args)
kwargs.setdefault('env', _get_env())
return subprocess.run(cmd, **kwargs)
def main():
"""Run git with command line arguments."""
env = _get_env()
sys.exit(subprocess.call([str(GIT_EXE)] + sys.argv[1:], env=env))
'''
# Create __main__.py for python -m python_git_bin support
contents["python_git_bin/__main__.py"] = b'''"""Allow running as python -m python_git_bin."""
from python_git_bin import main
main()
'''
# Process archive contents
if archive_data:
# Windows MinGit ZIP
for entry_name, entry_mode, entry_data in iter_zip_contents(archive_data):
# MinGit extracts with files at root level
zip_info = ZipInfo(f"python_git_bin/git/{entry_name}")
# Preserve executable bit
if entry_mode:
zip_info.external_attr = (entry_mode & 0xFFFF) << 16
elif entry_name.endswith(".exe"):
zip_info.external_attr = 0o0755 << 16
else:
zip_info.external_attr = 0o0644 << 16
contents[zip_info] = entry_data
elif binary_dir:
# Local build directory
binary_path = Path(binary_dir)
if not binary_path.exists():
raise ValueError(f"Binary directory not found: {binary_dir}")
for file_path in binary_path.rglob("*"):
rel_path = file_path.relative_to(binary_path)
zip_info = ZipInfo(f"python_git_bin/git/{rel_path}")
if file_path.is_symlink():
target = os.readlink(file_path)
# Symlinks to 'git' are not needed - git dispatches internally via argv[0]
if target == "git":
continue
# For symlinks to other targets (like git-remote-https -> git-remote-http),
# create a tiny Python shim instead of copying the whole binary. Python
# shims are cross-platform and consistent with how pip generates entry points.
shim_script = f"""#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import sys
from pathlib import Path
target = Path(__file__).parent / {target!r}
sys.exit(subprocess.call([str(target)] + sys.argv[1:]))
"""
zip_info.external_attr = (0o0755) << 16
contents[zip_info] = shim_script.encode("utf-8")
elif file_path.is_file():
# Determine file permissions
# Executables in bin/ and libexec/ should always have execute permissions
# even if source files lost them during tar extraction
rel_str = str(rel_path)
if rel_str.startswith("bin/") or rel_str.startswith("libexec/"):
# Executable: rwxr-xr-x
mode = stat.S_IFREG | 0o755
else:
# Preserve original permissions
mode = file_path.stat().st_mode
zip_info.external_attr = (mode & 0xFFFF) << 16
contents[zip_info] = file_path.read_bytes()
else:
raise ValueError("Either archive_data or binary_dir must be provided")
# Read description
readme_path = Path(__file__).parent / "README.pypi.md"
if readme_path.exists():
description = readme_path.read_text()
else:
description = "Git distributed as a Python package."
return write_wheel(
out_dir,
name="python_git_bin",
version=version,
tag=f"py3-none-{python_platform}",
metadata=[
("Summary", "Git - fast, scalable, distributed revision control system"),
("Description-Content-Type", "text/markdown"),
("License-Expression", "GPL-2.0-only"),
("Classifier", "Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable"),
("Classifier", "Intended Audience :: Developers"),
("Classifier", "Topic :: Software Development :: Version Control :: Git"),
("Classifier", "Programming Language :: C"),
("Classifier", "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v2 (GPLv2)"),
("Project-URL", "Homepage, https://git-scm.com"),
("Project-URL", "Source Code, https://github.com/git/git"),
("Project-URL", "PyPI Project, https://github.com/zanieb/git-pypi"),
("Requires-Python", ">=3.8"),
],
description=description,
contents=contents,
)
def build_windows_wheel(out_dir, git_version, wheel_version, platform):
"""Build a wheel for Windows using official MinGit."""
print(f"\nBuilding wheel for {platform}...")
# Fetch release info (uses git version for GitHub API)
release_info = fetch_git_for_windows_release(git_version)
print(f"Found release: {release_info.get('tag_name')}")
# Find MinGit asset
asset = find_mingit_asset(release_info, platform)
print(f"Asset: {asset['name']}")
# Download and verify
archive_data = download_with_checksum(asset["url"], sha256_url=asset.get("sha256_url"))
# Create wheel (uses wheel version for package metadata)
wheel_path = write_git_wheel(
out_dir,
version=wheel_version,
platform=platform,
archive_data=archive_data,
)
with open(wheel_path, "rb") as f:
wheel_hash = hashlib.sha256(f.read()).hexdigest()
print(f"Created: {wheel_path}")
print(f" SHA256: {wheel_hash}")
return wheel_path
def build_local_wheel(out_dir, version, platform, binary_dir):
"""Build a wheel using locally built binaries."""
print(f"\nBuilding wheel for {platform} from {binary_dir}...")
wheel_path = write_git_wheel(
out_dir,
version=version,
platform=platform,
binary_dir=binary_dir,
)
with open(wheel_path, "rb") as f:
wheel_hash = hashlib.sha256(f.read()).hexdigest()
print(f"Created: {wheel_path}")
print(f" SHA256: {wheel_hash}")
return wheel_path
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="Build Git wheels for PyPI distribution.",
formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
epilog="""
Examples:
# Build Windows x64 wheel (version: 2.47.1.<today>)
uv run make_wheels.py --version 2.47.1 --platform win_amd64
# Build with specific build date (version: 2.47.1.20260115)
uv run make_wheels.py --version 2.47.1 --platform win_amd64 --build 20260115
# Build from local binaries
uv run make_wheels.py --version 2.47.1 --platform linux_x86_64 \\
--binary-dir ./build/output/linux-x86_64
# Build all platforms
uv run make_wheels.py --version 2.47.1 --platform all
""",
)
parser.add_argument("--version", required=True, help="Git version to package (e.g., 2.47.1)")
platforms_list = ", ".join(PLATFORM_TAGS.keys())
parser.add_argument(
"--platform",
action="append",
default=[],
help=f"Platform to build for. Options: {platforms_list}, all",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--outdir", default="dist/", help="Output directory for wheels (default: dist/)"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--binary-dir", help="Directory containing pre-built Git binaries (for macOS/Linux)"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--build", help="Build date as YYYYMMDD (default: today). Fourth version component."
)
args = parser.parse_args()
logging.getLogger("wheel").setLevel(logging.WARNING)
# Determine platforms
platforms = args.platform
if not platforms:
parser.error("At least one --platform is required")
if "all" in platforms:
platforms = list(PLATFORM_TAGS.keys())
# Create output directory
out_dir = Path(args.outdir)
out_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
# Effective version: <git-version>.<build-date>
build_date = args.build or datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%Y%m%d")
wheel_version = args.version.replace("-", ".") + "." + build_date
# Build wheels
for platform in platforms:
if platform not in PLATFORM_TAGS:
print(f"Unknown platform: {platform}, skipping")
continue
if platform.startswith("win"):
# Windows: download official MinGit
build_windows_wheel(out_dir, args.version, wheel_version, platform)
else:
# macOS/Linux: use local binaries
if not args.binary_dir:
print(f"Skipping {platform}: --binary-dir required for non-Windows platforms")
continue
# Check for platform-specific subdirectory
binary_dir = Path(args.binary_dir)
platform_dir = binary_dir / platform
if platform_dir.exists():
binary_dir = platform_dir
build_local_wheel(str(out_dir), wheel_version, platform, str(binary_dir))
print(f"\nDone! Wheels written to {out_dir}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()